How do you decompress volvulus?

Most patients with sigmoid volvulus are treated conservatively initially with decompression by sigmoidoscope and insertion of a flatus tube. In sigmoidoscope decompression, the patient is placed in the left lateral position and a lubricated sigmoidoscope gently guided into the rectum.

What is acute cecal volvulus?

A cecal volvulus is the rotation or torsion of a mobile cecum and ascending colon, which causes approximately 1 to 3 percent of all large bowel obstructions [1-3]. If untreated, cecal volvulus can progress to bowel ischemia, necrosis, or perforation [4-8].

What is Sigmoidoscopic decompression?

Traditionally, a rectal tube is placed with the aid of a rigid sigmoidoscope to achieve decompression of the sigmoid volvulus and reduce short-term recurrence. Flexible sigmoidoscopy may be a safer technique to achieve decompression, and also allows direct visualisation of the mucosa to exclude ischaemia.

Is sigmoid volvulus serious?

Acute sigmoid volvulus is a surgical emergency. Any delay in treatment increases the risk of bowel ischaemia, perforation and faecal peritonitis.

How do you get cecal volvulus?

Possible causes of cecal volvulus

1. air travel in low cabin pressure.
2. colon muscle weakness (atonia)
3. enlargement of the colon.
4. Hirschsprung’s disease (where the large intestine becomes inflamed and leads to constipation and obstruction)
5. infections.
6. overexertion.
7. pelvic tumors.
8. pregnancy (especially in the third trimester)

What causes mobile cecum?

Mobile cecum syndrome is an embryologic abnormality (agenesis of the cecal mesocolon), resulting from defective right colonic mesenteric attachment at the lateral peritoneum.

Can constipation cause volvulus?

Causes of Volvulus Volvulus of the colon and lower bowel typically occurs in adults, and may be the result of constipation, redundant intestinal tissue, adhesions (particularly after surgery has been performed), or abnormal intestinal contents.

Why do we get volvulus?

Volvulus is most commonly due to a birth defect called malrotation, which is when the bowel becomes misaligned during fetal development. The bowels do not have a normal attachment to the abdominal wall, which makes it possible for the bowels to shift out of their normal position or to rotate.

Why does volvulus happen?

Volvulus occurs when the intestine twists around itself and the mesentery that supports it, creating an obstruction. The area of intestine above the obstruction continues to function and fills with food, fluid, and gas.

Can a volvulus fix itself?

Cases of cecal volvulus can be recurrent (come and go) and resolve spontaneously on their own, but they may also be or become acute and lead to a partial or complete bowel obstruction.

How common is cecal volvulus?

Cecal volvulus is caused by axial twisting of the cecum along with the terminal ileum and ascending colon [2]. It is responsible for approximately 1–1.5% of all intestinal obstructions, while 11% of all volvulus-related intestinal obstructions, and its incidence is 2.8–7.1 cases per million annually [1].