How does the Madden-Julian Oscillation?

The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the major fluctuation in tropical weather on weekly to monthly timescales. The MJO can be characterised as an eastward moving ‘pulse’ of cloud and rainfall near the equator that typically recurs every 30 to 60 days.

What is an Intraseasonal oscillation also called?

The Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO), sometimes known as the intraseasonal oscillation (ISO), is the leading mode of intraseasonal variability in the tropical climate system.

How does the Madden Julian Oscillation affect weather?

The MJO creates favourable conditions for tropical cyclone activity, which makes the MJO important to monitor during the Atlantic hurricane season. The enhanced rainfall phase of the MJO can also bring the onset of the Monsoon seasons around the globe.

What is boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation?

What is BSISO? The BSISO of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is one of the most prominent sources of short-term climate variability in the global monsoon system. It is the movement of convection (heat) from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific Ocean roughly every 10-50 days during the monsoon (June-September).

How does MJO affect the weather patterns?

The MJO, a critically important climate phenomenon discovered in 1971, is an eastward moving pulse of clouds, precipitation, wind, and pressure in the tropics that affects weather phenomena such as hurricanes, monsoons, atmospheric rivers, flooding events, droughts, and heat waves.

What is boreal summer?

Boreal summer intra-seasonal oscillation (BSISO) is a phenomenon that active convective region migrate northward in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific with a period of 30 – 90 days.

What is Indian Ocean dipole Upsc?

Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD): It is defined by the difference in sea surface temperature between two areas (or poles, hence a dipole) – a western pole in the Arabian Sea (western Indian Ocean) and an eastern pole in the eastern Indian Ocean south of Indonesia.

What is the main difference between El Niño and La Nino?

El Niño events are associated with a warming of the central and eastern tropical Pacific, while La Niña events are the reverse, with a sustained cooling of these same areas. These changes in the Pacific Ocean and its overlying atmosphere occur in a cycle known as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO).

What is El Nino Southern Oscillation Upsc?

ENSO Cycle El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is an irregularly periodic variation in winds and sea surface temperatures over the tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. Every three to seven years, the surface waters across tropical Pacific Ocean warm or cool by 1°C to 3°C, compared to normal.

What is an MJO in weather terms?

What is austral summer?

austral summer- summer in the Southern Hemisphere; November-February.

What is El Nino phenomenon Upsc?

El Nino refers to the large-scale ocean-atmosphere climate interaction linked to periodic warming in sea surface temperatures across the central and east-central Equatorial Pacific. It is associated with high pressure in the western Pacific. El Nino adversely impacts the Indian monsoons and hence, agriculture in India.

Why is El Niño called El Niño?

Fishermen off the west coast of South America were the first to notice appearances of unusually warm water that occurred at year’s end. The phenomenon became known as El Niño because of its tendency to occur around Christmas time. El Niño is Spanish for “the boy child” and is named after the baby Jesus.