What are the speech characteristics of spastic dysarthria?

Although many abnormal speech characteristics may be present, the key distinguishing and defining features of spastic dysarthria typically include strained voice quality, slow speaking rate, monopitch and monoloudness, and slow and regular speech alternating motion rates (AMRs)(1).

What are some characteristics of spastic flaccid dysarthria?

Flaccid dysarthria results from weakness caused by lower motor neuron damage. Distinguishing features are breathy voice, short phrases, increased nasal resonance, and imprecise articulation. Spastic dysarthria is caused by spasticity resulting from bilateral UMN damage.

Is spastic dysarthria UMN or LMN?

Upper Motor Neuron Lesions The dysarthria accompanying such pathology is known as spastic dysarthria and is one of the features of pseudobulbar palsy.

What are the speech characteristics of hypokinetic dysarthria?

Hypokinetic dysarthria a quiet, breathy, or monotone voice. difficulty starting sentences. a stutter or slurred speech. difficulty pronouncing consonants.

What are the main characteristics associated with the 6 types of dysarthria?

There are six major types of dysarthria: flaccid dysarthria associated with lower motor neuron impairment, spastic dysarthria associated with damaged upper motor neurons linked to the motor areas of the cerebral cortex, ataxic dysarthria primarily caused by cerebellar dysfunction, and hyperkinetic dysarthria and …

What is spastic speech?

People with spastic dysarthria may have speech problems alongside generalized muscle weakness and abnormal reflexes. Spastic dysarthria occurs as a result of damage to the motor neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord.

What causes spastic dysarthria?

Unilateral upper motor neuron (UUMN) dysarthria is considered a milder form of spastic dysarthria. It’s also one of the most common types of dysarthria. Often, it’s caused by a stroke. It involves damage to the upper motor neurons, which control movement.

Why is Babinski positive in UMN lesions?

Upper motor neuron lesions result from pathology in the cerebral cortex, brainstem, or spinal cord and are signaled by an increase in muscle tone (spasticity), hyperreflexia, and the persistence or reappearance of primitive reflexes, such as the extensor plantar response (Babinski sign).

What is the difference between hypokinetic and hyperkinetic dysarthria?

Hypokinetic—associated with disorders of the basal ganglia control circuit. Hyperkinetic—associated with disorders of the basal ganglia control circuit. Unilateral upper motor neuron—associated with unilateral disorders of the upper motor neuron system.

What is Hypokinetic speech?

Hypokinetic dysarthria is characterized perceptually by varying degrees of reduced pitch variation (monotonicity), reduced loudness, breathy voice, imprecise consonants, variable speaking rate, and short rushes of speech [1.

What disease is associated with spastic dysarthria?

The neurological damage that causes dysarthria can occur due to: neurological conditions, such as epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson’s disease. brain tumors. trauma from injuries to the head or neck, as well as repeated blunt force impacts to the skull.

What is difference between UMN and LMN?

UMN are generated in the region of Cerebral Cortex of Brain and the information is then carried on to different parts of the body. LMN, on the other hand are placed lowest in the Motor System which allows them to receive inputs from higher portion of the neuron system.

What could a positive Babinski response indicate?

In adults or children over 2 years old, a positive Babinski sign happens when the big toe bends up and back to the top of the foot and the other toes fan out. This can mean that you may have an underlying nervous system or brain condition that’s causing your reflexes to react abnormally.

What are the key distinguishing features of spastic dysarthria?

Although many abnormal speech characteristics may be present, the key distinguishing and defining features of spastic dysarthria typically include strained voice quality, slow speaking rate, monopitch and monoloudness, and slow and regular speech alternating motion rates (AMRs) ( 1 ). Strained voice quality and slow,…

What is dysarthria in speech therapy?

Speech disorders caused by sensorimotor impairments of the articulatory movements are called dysarthria. The articulatory movements of patients suffering from dysarthria are characterized by weakness, reduction in speed, malcoordination, altered muscle tone or by dyskinetic symptoms.

What does hyperkinetic dysarthria look like?

Hyperkinetic Dysarthria. HYPERkinetic Dysarthria is marked by involuntary movements. Orofacial stable at rest and involuntary movements, involuntary jerk single or repetitive movements, jerky movements of the velum, tics, chorea, slower movements and slower involuntary movements as well as Spasmodic Dysphonia.

What are imprecise consonants in dysarthria?

Imprecise consonants, while the most deviant symptom, occur in almost all dysarthrias and therefore is not distinctive to spastic dysarthria Responsible for the design and plan of movement e.g. speech movements Involves several areas of the cortex Spatial-temporal planning Sequence of contraction/relaxation specified