What do you mean by fractography of composite material?

Fractography is the study of fracture surfaces in order to determine the relation between the microstructure and the mechanism(s) of crack initiation and propagation and, eventually, the root cause of the fracture.

What are the advantages of polymer composites?

Composites have engineering advantages over conventional materials, such as metal, wood, and leather. Polymeric composites have good tensile strength, flexural strength, compressive strength, impact strength, Young’s modulus, and rigidity coupled with high dimensional stability.

What are polymer composites explain with example?

A polymer composite is a multi-phase material in which reinforcing fillers are integrated with a polymer matrix, resulting in synergistic mechanical properties that cannot be achieved from either component alone. The fiber is most often glass, but sometimes Kevlar, carbon fiber, or polyethylene.

What is fractography used for?

Fractography is a method in failure analysis for studying the fracture surface of materials. Studying the characteristics of the fractured surface can help to determine the cause of failure in an engineered product.

How is fractography done?

Scanning electron microscopy In many cases, fractography requires examination at a finer scale, which is usually carried out in a scanning electron microscope or SEM. The resolution is much higher than the optical microscope, although samples are examined in a partial vacuum and colour is absent.

What are the properties of polymer composites?

Properties of a PMC

Improved processing	Density Control	Thermal Conductivity
Flame retardancy	Cost reduction	Greater toughness
Fatigue resistance	Fracture resistance	Abrasion resistance
High specific strength to weight ratio	High specific stiffness to weight ratio	Improved fatigue strength

What are the advantages of composite materials and explain its area of application?

Advantages of Composite Materials Design Flexibility – Thermoset Composites give designers nearly unlimited flexibility in designing shapes and forms. They be molded into the most intricate components and can be made a wide range of densities and chemical formulations to have precise performance properties.

Why is SEM used in fractography?

Scanning Electron Microscopes in Fractography SEM has much better resolution and depth of field than optical microscopes, which are key to revealing the topographical features of fracture surfaces.

What causes intergranular fracture?

Intergranular fracture, intergranular cracking or intergranular embrittlement occurs when a crack propagates along the grain boundaries of a material, usually when these grain boundaries are weakened. The more commonly seen transgranular fracture, occurs when the crack grows through the material grains.

What applications are best suited for composite use?

Composites are versatile, used for both structural applications and components, in all aircraft and spacecraft, from hot air balloon gondolas and gliders, to passenger airliners, fighter planes and the Space Shuttle.

What are the applications of composites in electronic industry?

Applications in the Electrical Industry Phenolic-matrix and melamine composites are used in many electronics including printed circuit boards, gears, and insulators. Insulation, circuit boards, and components requiring a high resistance to heat will often be made from a silicone-based composite.

What are the general applications of composites?

Composite materials are generally used for buildings, bridges, and structures such as boat hulls, swimming pool panels, racing car bodies, shower stalls, bathtubs, storage tanks, imitation granite and cultured marble sinks and countertops. They are also being increasingly used in general automotive applications.

What are the applications of PMCs?

Applications for PMCs include [4,6]: Automotive industry – Body panels, leaf springs, driveshaft, bumpers, doors, racing car bodies, and so on. Aircraft and aerospace industry – Used in the construction of structural parts for military aircraft, space shuttles, and satellite systems.

What is the difference between intergranular and transgranular?

While intergranular cracking denotes the failure of interfaces between contiguous grains, transgranular cracking refers to the failure of individual bulk grains along specific crystallographic planes.

What is the difference between transgranular and intergranular fracture?

Difference between transgranular and intergranular fracture : When fracture occurs through grain boundaries it is called as intergranular fracture and when occurs through grains is called transgranular fracture.

What polymers are used in computers?

PC, related copolymers, and blends of PC with polymers such as ABS and ASA (acrylonitrile styrene acrylate copolymer), provide excellent melt processability.