What does the Wnt Signalling pathway do?

The Wnt signaling pathway is an ancient and evolutionarily conserved pathway that regulates crucial aspects of cell fate determination, cell migration, cell polarity, neural patterning and organogenesis during embryonic development.

How do you stimulate Wnt signaling?

To activate Wnt signaling, one can add Wnt protein, either in a purified form or as conditioned medium to cells. Cells producing active Wnt can be obtained from the ATCC (see also the reagents page). Active Wnt protein can be obtained from several companies.

Who discovered the Wnt pathway?

WNT pathway discovery The original WNT gene was discovered in the landmark 1980 Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus Drosophila genetic screen for body pattern defects and was originally named “wingless” (wg) (1).

Where is Wnt produced?

developing spinal cord
Wnt proteins are also transmitted at a distance by cell migration. In vertebrate embryos, Wnt1 is produced in cells located in the most dorsal region of the developing spinal cord.

What is top flash?

TOPFlash is a luciferase reporter that contains a minimal fos promoter coupled to Tcf-binding sites upstream of a modified firefly luciferase gene. FOPFlash is similar, except that the Tcf-binding sites are mutated and non-functional.

Where is TCF7L2 located?

chromosome 10q25
Transcription factor 7-like 2 (T-cell specific, HMG-box), also known as TCF7L2 or TCF4, is a protein acting as a transcription factor that, in humans, is encoded by the TCF7L2 gene. The TCF7L2 gene is located on chromosome 10q25.

Is luciferase an activity?

A Luciferase Reporter Assay. When this protein activates transcription, the cell will produce luciferase enzyme. After the addition of a lysis buffer and a substrate, a luminometer quantifies the luciferase activity. If your protein activates the expression of the target gene, the amount of signal produced increases.

What is top and FOP?

Is Wnt paracrine?

Here, we demonstrate that wingless-type (WNT) acts as a paracrine signal from estrogen/progesterone receptor-rich mature cells to activate the canonical β-catenin pathway in leiomyoma stem cells.

What does TCF7L2 gene do?

Tcf7l2 plays a role in regulating glucose tolerance, suggesting that overexpression of this gene is associated with increased risk of T2D. TCF7L2 polymorphism was associated with higher fasting proinsulin at baseline, higher baseline proinsulin:insulin ratio and increased proinsulin:insulin ratio in type 2 diabetes.

What does the TCF4 gene do?

The TCF4 gene provides instructions for making a protein that attaches (binds) to specific regions of DNA and helps control the activity of many other genes. On the basis of this action, the TCF4 protein is known as a transcription factor. The TCF4 protein is part of a group of proteins known as E-proteins.