What is exfiltration in wastewater?

Exfiltration is the leakage of wastewater out of a sanitary sewer system through broken or damaged pipes and manholes.

What is I&I?

Inflow and infiltration (I&I) is a phenomenon whereby stormwater and groundwater enter the wastewater system.

What is the difference between infiltration and inflow?

Infiltration occurs when groundwater seeps into sewer pipes through cracks, leaky pipe joints and/or deteriorated manholes. Inflow is stormwater that enters the sewer system through rain leaders, basement sump pumps or foundation drains illegally connected to the sewer.

What is the difference between infiltration and exfiltration?

Infiltration is the unintentional or accidental introduction of outside air into a building, typically through cracks in the building envelope and through use of doors for passage. Infiltration is sometimes called air leakage. The leakage of room air out of a building, intentionally or not, is called exfiltration.

What is ETP and STP plant?

Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) – The mechanism or process used to treat the wastewater prior to release into the environment or its reuse. Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) -It is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater and household / industrial sewage, both runoffs (effluents)

What is ETP and WTP?

Basically, there are three types of treatment plants for water – water treatment plant (WTP), effluent treatment plant (ETP), and sewage treatment plant (STP). All of them have the sole purpose of treating wastewater.

What is INI in water treatment?

Infiltration/Inflow (I/I) causes dilution in sanitary sewers. Dilution of sewage decreases the efficiency of treatment, and may cause sewage volumes to exceed design capacity.

What is the difference between drainage and infiltration?

Infiltration Number is another name for Drainage Texture; both are same, as the equations indicate. However, as a proof of this, you can refer the the report of Indo-British Ground Water Project (1984) on Ground Water Resources of the Upper Betwa River Basin, India published by Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), Govt.

What is an exfiltration trench?

Exfiltration Tanks/Trenches. Definition: Exfiltration tanks and trenches (or dry wells) are sub-surface engineered detention and infiltration cells with significant volume or pore space to store and control site runoff.

Is STP and ETP same?

1- ETP may be a system that removes toxic and non-toxic material from water and making it usable for various purposes. STP unit removes contaminants from municipal wastewater or household sewage. 2- ETP is employed in industrial areas whereas STP cleanses household water.

Which chemical is used in STP?

Sodium Sulphate : Sodium sulfate, also known as sulfate of soda, is the inorganic compound with formula Na₂SO₄ as well as several related hydrates. All forms are white solids that are highly soluble in water.

What is base infiltration?

This can be restated to say that a factor, X, or 0.88 of the WWP equals the difference between ADF and MDF. Then, Base Infiltration (BI) is the flow that is left over after WWP is subtracted from ADF (See Figure 1).

What is percolation and infiltration?

Infiltration and percolation Water infiltrates the soil by moving through the surface. Percolation is the movement of water through the soil itself. Finally, as the water percolates into the deeper layers of the soil, it reaches ground water, which is water below the surface.

What furtively means?

1a : done in a quiet and secretive way to avoid being noticed : surreptitious a furtive glance exchanged furtive smiles. b : expressive of stealth : sly had a furtive look about him. 2 : obtained underhandedly : stolen furtive gains.