What is the cerebellum anatomy?

The cerebellum (“little brain”) is a structure that is located at the back of the brain, underlying the occipital and temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex (Figure 5.1). Although the cerebellum accounts for approximately 10% of the brain’s volume, it contains over 50% of the total number of neurons in the brain.

What are the 4 parts of the cerebellum?

The four nuclei (dentate, globose, emboliform, and fastigial) each communicate with different parts of the brain and cerebellar cortex. (The globose and the emboliform nuclei are also referred to as combined in the interposed nucleus). The fastigial and interposed nuclei belong to the spinocerebellum.

What is the anatomy and physiology of the cerebellum?

The cerebellum is a small structure of the Central Nervous System that occupies 10% of the total volume of the brain, connecting to the brain and the brainstem through the cerebellar peduncles. Its anatomical division is based on three criteria: midline, fissures, and phylogeny.

What is the shape of cerebellum?

The cerebellum can be divided into three parts. The thin middle portion is called the vermis because of its serpentine or wormlike shape. The vermis lies between two large lateral masses of the cerebellum, the cerebellar hemispheres (see Figure 6-5). The vermis connects these two hemispheres.

What are the main function of cerebellum?

The cerebellum is located in the back of your brain. It helps with the coordination and movement related to motor skills, especially involving the hands and feet. It also helps maintain posture, balance, and equilibrium.

What are the 2 main functions of cerebellum?

The cerebellum has several functions relating to movement and coordination, including:

• Maintaining balance: The cerebellum has special sensors that detect shifts in balance and movement.
• Coordinating movement: Most body movements require the coordination of multiple muscle groups.

What is cerebellum made of?

The cerebellum consists of a cortex covering white matter, as well as a ventricle filled with fluid. It is also divided into two hemispheres like the cerebral cortex. There are two main parts of the cerebellum: Cerebellar cortex: A layer containing folded tissue containing most of the cerebellum’s neurons.

What is the major function of cerebellum?

Coordinating movement: Most body movements require the coordination of multiple muscle groups. The cerebellum times muscle actions so that the body can move smoothly. Vision: The cerebellum coordinates eye movements. Motor learning: The cerebellum helps the body to learn movements that require practice and fine-tuning.

How many neurons are in the cerebellum?

69 billion neurons
The human cerebral cortex, with an average 1233 g and 16 billion neurons, is slightly below expectations for a primate brain of 1.5 kg, while the human cerebellum, at 154 g and 69 billion neurons, matches or even slightly exceeds the expected (Table ​2).

What are the three main functions of the cerebellum?

Function

• Maintaining balance: The cerebellum has special sensors that detect shifts in balance and movement.
• Coordinating movement: Most body movements require the coordination of multiple muscle groups.
• Vision: The cerebellum coordinates eye movements.

What is the size of the cerebellum?

In humans, the cerebellar cortex is a single continuous sheet with an area of 500 cm2 (1,000 mm long and 50 mm wide) . This is 4 x 10^3 times more extensive than that of a frog (Braitenberg & Atwood, 1958).

What is another name for cerebellum?

“The brain includes the cerebral hemispheres, the cerebellum, and the brain stem.”…What is another word for cerebellum?

brain	cerebrum
medulla oblongata	upper storey
upper story	telencephalon
skull