What is the difference between stillbirth and intrauterine death?

The Perinatal Mortality Surveillance Report (CEMACH)3 defined stillbirth as ‘a baby delivered with no signs of life known to have died after 24 completed weeks of pregnancy’. Intrauterine fetal death refers to babies with no signs of life in utero.

What is the management of IUFD?

For medical management of IUFD at ≥ 14 to ≤ 28 weeks: Suggest the use of combination mifepristone plus misoprostol over misoprostol alone. Suggested regimen: 200 mg mifepristone administered orally, followed 1–2 days later by repeat doses of 400 μg misoprostol administered sublingually or vaginally every 4–6 hours.

How do you manage stillbirth?

Treatment of stillbirth

1. Waiting until the mother goes into labor on her own.
2. Dilating the cervix and using instruments to deliver the fetus and tissues.
3. Induction of labor using medications to open the cervix and make the uterus contract and push out the fetus and tissues.

How do I deliver an IUFD?

Induction of labour (NICE clinical guideline 70) recommends that, if a woman who has had an intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) chooses to proceed with induction of labour, oral mifepristone should be used, followed by vaginal prostaglandin E2 or vaginal misoprostol (prostaglandin E1, off-label).

What is the most common cause of IUFD?

Hyper-coiled cord (HCC) and umbilical ring constrictions were the most frequent cause of IUFD in both periods. The relatively decreased prevalence of IUFD due to velamentous cord insertion and umbilical cord entanglement, HCC and umbilical cord constriction was increased.

What are the complication of IUFD?

Most common complication associated with IUFD was Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) in 18 (22.5%) followed by Sepsis in 8 (10%), Acute Renal Failure (ARF) in 3 (3.7%), Maternal mortality in 1 (1.2%). Conclusions: Anemia, PIH, accidental haemorrhage were leading causes of IUFD.

WHO defines stillbirth?

Overview. A baby who dies after 28 weeks of pregnancy, but before or during birth, is classified as a stillbirth. There are nearly 2 million stillbirths every year, one each 16 seconds. .

What are risk factors for stillbirth?

Several risk factors for stillbirths have so far been documented. Maternal factors, such as advanced maternal age, teenage pregnancies, maternal nutritional status, history of prior pregnancy losses, complicated pregnancies [4] and multiple pregnancies increase the risk of stillbirths.

How can stillbirth be prevented?

Not all stillbirths can be prevented, but there are some things you can do to reduce your risk. These include: not smoking. avoiding alcohol and drugs during pregnancy – as well as increasing the risk of miscarriage and stillbirth, these can seriously affect your baby’s development.

How does IUFD cause DIC?

Several diseases are known to be associated with DIC, some of which may also occur during pregnancy or the puerperium. One of the potential risk factors that have been considered as a potential trigger for DIC is the retention of a highly macerated fetus after intrauterine fetal death (IUFD).

What are the causes of IUFD?

Some common causes of second trimester IUFD include:

• Placental Insufficiency.
• Placental Abruption.
• Fetal Infection.
• Genetic Abnormalities of the fetus.
• Congenital Anomalies of the fetus.
• Feto–maternal Hemorrhage (transfer of blood from the baby into the maternal circulation)
• Umbilical Cord Complications.

Who defines intrauterine death?

DEFINITION. World Health Organization definition — The World Health Organization (WHO) defines fetal death as the intrauterine death of a fetus at any time during pregnancy [1]; for international comparison, WHO recommends defining stillbirth as a baby both with no signs of life at or after 28 weeks of gestation [2].

When does DIC set in after IUFD?

DIC was diagnosed based upon abnormal global hemostatic tests, as reflected by an Erez score ≥26, up to five days after delivery, presence of minor to major PPH and/or critical signs of beginning or fulminant organ failure.