What is the function of PKC in signal transduction pathways?
What is the function of PKC in signal transduction pathways?
Protein kinase C (PKC) form a key family of enzymes involved in signalling pathways that specifically phosphorylates substrates at serine/threonine residues. Phosphorylation by PKC is important in regulating a variety of cellular events such as cell proliferation and the regulation of gene expression.
What is PKC cell signaling?
Protein kinase C (PKC) family members regulate numerous cellular responses including gene expression, protein secretion, cell proliferation, and the inflammatory response.
What increases PKC activity?
PKC enzymes in turn are activated by signals such as increases in the concentration of diacylglycerol (DAG) or calcium ions (Ca2+).
What causes vascular smooth muscle contraction?
Vascular smooth muscle contraction is triggered by an increase in intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), promoting actin–myosin cross-bridge formation.
How signalling molecules are responsible for activation of immune system?
High affinity IgE receptors on mast cells contribute to immune detection and surveillance by identifying allergen-IgE complexes(Sayed et al., 2008). Therefore, immune cells utilize these receptors to transmit an initial signal to turn on the immune response.
How does nitric oxide relax smooth muscle?
stimulates a cGMP-dependent protein kinase that activates myosin light chain phosphatase, the enzyme that dephosphorylates myosin light chains, which leads to smooth muscle relaxation.
What causes contraction of vascular smooth muscle?
Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) contraction is initiated by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ via influx through plasma membrane ion channels or release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (Somlyo and Somlyo, 1968). Once in the cytoplasm, Ca2+ binds with calmodulin in order to activate myosin light chain (MLC) kinase.
Is smooth muscle contraction sympathetic or parasympathetic?
sympathetic nervous system
Vascular smooth muscle is primarily innervated by the sympathetic nervous system.
What is cell signal pathway?
Describes a series of chemical reactions in which a group of molecules in a cell work together to control a cell function, such as cell division or cell death. A cell receives signals from its environment when a molecule, such as a hormone or growth factor, binds to a specific protein receptor on or in the cell.