What is torsion reinforcement?
What is torsion reinforcement?
Statement I): Torsion reinforcement is provided at (and near) corners in a two-way slab which is simply supported on both edges meeting at the corner. Statement II): The area of reinforcement in each of the layers shall be three-quarters of the area required for maximum mid-span moment in the slab.
Where is torsional reinforcement in slab?
Torsion reinforcement shall be provided at any corner where the slab is simply supported on both edges meeting at that corner and is prevented from lifting unless the consequences of cracking are negligible.
Why do we provide torsional reinforcement?
Torsional reinforcement shall be provided at corner of two way slab. The torsional moment are high near the corner therefore, torsional reinforcement is essential to prevent corner slab from lifting and prevents cracks.
What is torsion structure?
Torsion is the state of strain in a material that has been twisted by an applied torque. It will occur whenever a structural element is subject to a twisting force.
What is the reason of torsion in beam?
Torsion in beams arises generally from the action of shear loads whose points of application do not coincide with the shear centre of the beam section.
Where do you put torsional reinforcement in beams?
The longitudinal reinforcement required for torsion must be distributed around the perimeter of the closed stirrups, at a maximum spacing of 12 inches.
How does torsion affect a concrete beam?
Though shear and torsion both produced diagonal cracks in RC beam, behavior of RC beam subjected to torsion is different. Due to shear, crack propagates in the same direction on both sides of the beam, whereas due to torsion spiral cracks propagate in the opposite direction on opposite sides of the beam.
What is torsion and its example?
To turn on a gas, a burner knob is rotated. This rotation occurs when a twist or torsion force is applied by the person. Many other kitchen appliances make use of the similar twist force for their respective operations. For example, turning on the knob of a mixer grinder, increasing time period of a microwave, etc.
What is torsion in civil engineering?
In the field of solid mechanics, torsion is the twisting of an object due to an applied torque. Torsion is expressed in either the pascal (Pa), an SI unit for newtons per square metre, or in pounds per square inch (psi) while torque is expressed in newton metres (N·m) or foot-pound force (ft·lbf).
What is torsional effect?
Torsion is nothing but twisting moment induced in structures. Torsional effects may significantly modify the seismic response of buildings and it caused severe damage or collapse of structure in several past earthquakes.
What is torsion give an example?
Torsion is a gastropod synapomorphy which occurs in all gastropods during larval development. Torsion is the rotation of the visceral mass, mantle, and shell 180˚ with respect to the head and foot of the gastropod. This rotation brings the mantle cavity and the anus to an anterior position above the head.
What is torsional strength?
Measure of the ability of a material to withstand a twisting load. It is the ultimate strength of a material subjected to torsional loading, and is the maximum torsional stress that a material sustains before rupture. Alternate terms are modulus of rupture and shear strength.
What cracks develop due to torsion?
Due to shear, crack propagates in the same direction on both sides of the beam, whereas due to torsion spiral cracks propagate in the opposite direction on opposite sides of the beam.
What means torsion?
Definition of torsion 1 : the twisting or wrenching of a body by the exertion of forces tending to turn one end or part about a longitudinal axis while the other is held fast or turned in the opposite direction also : the state of being twisted. 2 : the twisting of a bodily organ or part on its own axis.
Where is torsion used?
A torsion spring is commonly used in clothes pins, clipboards, swing-down tailgates and garage doors. Other application types include hinges, counterbalances and lever returns. Sizes range from miniature, used in electronic devices, to large torsion springs used in chair control units.