Where is vacuolar ATPase found?

Vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase), initially identified in yeast and plant vacuoles, pumps protons into the lumen of organelles coupled with ATP hydrolysis. The mammalian counterpart is found ubiquitously in endomembrane organelles and the plasma membrane of specialized cells such as osteoclasts.

What is the function of the f1fo ATPase?

Abstract. ATP synthase (F1F0-ATPase), consisting of a water-soluble F1 portion and a transmembrane FO portion, is present in bacterial cytoplasmic membranes and the inner membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts. This enzyme plays a central role in biological energy transduction.

What is vacuolar ATPase?

Abstract. The Vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) is a proton pump responsible for controlling the intracellular and extracellular pH of cells. The structure of V-ATPase has been highly conserved among all eukaryotic cells and is involved in diverse functions across species.

How does IF1 prevent ATP hydrolysis?

This function of IF1 is to prevent reverse functioning of the enzyme when mitochondria become de-energized to avoid the wasting of cellular ATP [28], [112], [123]. Once bound, IF1 inhibits the hydrolysis of ATP by impeding the rotation of the complex [28], [123].

What is the role of ATP synthase in electron transport chain?

ATP synthase is the complex V of the electron transport chain. It catalyses the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi by oxidative phosphorylation.

What inhibits ATPase?

The ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1) is the physiological inhibitor of the mitochondrial ATP synthase. Herein, we summarize the regulation of the expression and activity of IF1 as a main driver of the activity of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in mammalian tissues.

How is ATP synthase activated?

The ATP synthase (F1-ATPase) is attached to the Fo protein on the inside of the matrix. ATP synthase uses the protons flowing into the matrix to bind ADP and Pi and release ATP. The F1-ATPase is named by the reverse reaction it catalyzes when it is isolated from mitochondria and thus uncoupled from the proton gradient.

What is a P class pump?

P‑class pumps are specific ion transporters involved in maintaining intracellular/extracellular ion homeostasis, gene transcription, and cell proliferation and migration in all eukaryotic cells.

What does ATPase stand for?

adenosine triphosphatase
ATPase. / (ˌeɪtiːˈpiːˌeɪz) / noun. adenosine triphosphatase; an enzyme that converts ATP to ADP.