Who is a CYP2C19 poor metabolizer?

Individuals who carry 2 non-functional copies of the CYP2C19 gene are classified as CYP2C19 poor metabolizers. They have no enzyme activity and cannot activate clopidogrel via the CYP2C19 pathway, which means the drug will have no effect.

Which drugs are metabolised by CYP2C19?

CYP2C19 catalyzes the metabolism of several drugs, including proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (e.g., omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole), antidepressants (e.g., citalopram and amitriptyline), antiplatelet drugs (e.g., clopidogrel), antifungals (e.g., voriconazole), and anticancer compounds (e.g., cyclophosphamide).

Does everyone have CYP2C19?

This results in very little to no CYP2C19 activity. About 2 out of 100 people have this gene status. Certain drugs should be avoided and patients may need to have their doses of some medications adjusted. Other clinical factors (diet, other drugs, diseases) may influence your response to medications.

What is CYP2C19 testing?

This test helps determine if you may be less responsive to the drug clopidogrel because of your genetic makeup. This test detects genetic variation in the gene CYP2C19.

Which drugs are metabolized by CYP2C9?

Examples of substrates that are metabolized by CYP2C9

Drug name	Class	References
Glimepiride	Sulfonylurea	[29,30]
Glipizide	Sulfonylurea	[31,32]
Tolbutamide	Sulfonylurea	[33]
Warfarin	Anticoagulant	[34-37]

What drug is a major substrate of CYP2C19?

3.2 CYP2C19. CYP2C19 metabolizes numerous commonly used drugs including citalopram, clomipramine, clopidogrel, diazepam, omeprazole, S-mephenytoin, and biguanides [97–99].

What is a poor metabolizer mean?

Poor Metabolizer: Medication is broken down very slowly. May experience side effects at standard doses. Intermediate Metabolizer: Slow rate of metabolism. May have too much medication at standard doses, potentially causing side effects. Extensive Metabolizer: Normal rate of metabolism.

What does CYP2C9 metabolize?

The CYP2C9 enzyme breaks down (metabolizes) compounds including steroid hormones and fatty acids. The CYP2C9 enzyme also plays a major role in breaking down the drug warfarin, which thins the blood and prevents blood clots from forming.

What is CYP2C19 genetic testing?

Clopidogrel genotype testing is used to detect variation in the CYP2C19 gene that codes for one of the enzymes responsible for metabolizing clopidogrel into its active form.

What is CYP2C19 genotyping?

CYP2C19 testing identifies 11 of the more common alleles (*2-*10,*12,*17) in PCR-multiplex format, providing increased sensitivity and quality performance. This CYP2C19 detection panel is the most extensive on the market and covers seven known poor metabolizer alleles and one known rapid metabolizer allele.

What is a CYP2C19 test?